Argemone mexicana

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Photographs by: Dr. Maulik Gadani

  • Botanical Name : Argemone mexicana L.
  • Common Name : Darudi, Prickly Poppy, Mexican Poppy
  • Plant Family : Papaveraceae
  • Plant Form : Herb
  • Occurrence (Sectors) : 5, 12, 13, 15, 21, 25, 27, 28, 30
  • Occurrence (Special Areas) : Indroda Park, Ayurvedic Udyan, Van Chetana Kendra

About Argemone mexicana Plant :

  • Habit : Annual, prickly herb with yellow latex and branched tap root.
  • Stem : Erect, branched, woody at the base, solid, cylindrical, spinous, contains yellow latex.
  • Leaves : Ramal and cauline, exstipulate, alternate, simple, subsessile, semi - amplexicaul, margin lobed and spinous, apex acute, unicostate reticulate venation, both the surfaces are covered with many spines.
  • Inflorescence : Solitary terminal.
  • Flowers :
    • Ebracteate, pedicellate, complete, actinomorphic, hermaphrodite, tri - or hetermerous, hypogynous, yellow in colour.
    • Calyx made up of 2 sepals, polysepalous, spinous, caudacous, bear a clear horn like outgrowth at their apex, twisted or imbricate, inferior and green.
    • Corolla made up of 6 petals, arranged in two whorls of three each (3+3), polypetalous, twisted or imbricate, yellow, each petal is obovate, caduceus, inferior.
    • Androecium made up of numerous stamens, polyandrous, arranged in many whorls, filament long, slender and yellow, anther dithecous, basiffixed and entrorse, dehiscence longitudinal.
    • Gynoecium tetra to hexacarpellary, syncarpous, superior, ovary covered with prickles, unilocular, many anatropous ovules on each placenta, parietal placentation, style reduced with 4 to 6 stigma lobes red.
  • Fruit : Many - seeded, prickly capsule.
  • Seeds : Many, endospermic and black.
  • Flowering and Fruiting time : December - February
  • Significance :
    • Mostly found as waste land weed.
    • Seeds are poisonous to animals and cattle.